Red Hat LINUX 7.2 - OFFICIAL LINUX CUSTOMIZATION GUIDE Instalační příručka stáhnout pdf (Strana 212)

212 Chapter 16. Email

16.4.2.1. Informational or Debugging Options

Certain options used after the fetchmail command can provide you with important information.

• --configdump — Displays every possible option based on information from .fetchmailrc and

Fetchmail defaults. No email is retrieved for any users when using this option.

• -s — Executes Fetchmail in silent mode, preventing any messages, other than errors, from appear-

ing after the fetchmail command.

• -v — Executes Fetchmail in verbose mode, displaying every communication between Fetchmail

and the remote email servers.

• -V — Causes Fetchmail to display detailed version information, list its global options, and show

settings to be used with each user, including the email protocol and authentication method. No

email is retrieved for any users when using this option.

16.4.2.2. Special Options

These options are occasionally useful for overriding defaults often found in the .fetchmailrc ﬁle.

• -a — Tells Fetchmail to download all messages from the remote email server, whether new or

previously viewed. By default, Fetchmail will only download new messages.

• -k — Causes Fetchmail to leave the messages on the remote email server after downloading them.

This option overrides the default behavior of deleting messages after downloading them.

• -l

max-number-bytes — Tells Fetchmail to not download any messages over a particular

size and leave them on the remote email server.

• --quit — Quits the Fetchmail daemon process.

More commands and .fetchmailrc options can be found on the fetchmail man page.

16.5. Procmail

Procmail allows you to ﬁlter email as it is received from a remote email server, or placed in your spool

ﬁle on a local or remote email server. It is powerful, gentle on system resources, and widely utilized.

Procmail, commonly referred to as a Local Delivery Agent (LDA), plays a small role in delivering

email to be read by an MUA.

In order to use Procmail, it must ﬁrst be installed. Type the rpm -q procmail command to see if

the procmail package is installed. If, for some reason, Procmail is not on your system, install it from

the Red Hat Linux installation CD-ROMs.

Procmail can be invoked in several different ways. As email is placed on your email spool ﬁle, Proc-

mail can be conﬁgured to start up, ﬁlter the email to locations conﬁgured for use with your MUA, and

quit. Or, your MUA could be conﬁgured to bring up Procmail any time a message is received so that

messages are moved into their correct mailboxes. In many cases, the presence of a .procmailrc ﬁle

in the user’s home directory will invoke Procmail, if Sendmail is being used.

The actions Procmail takes with an email are dependent upon instructions from particular recipes, or

rules, that messages are matched against by the program. If a message matches the recipe, then the

email will be placed in a certain ﬁle, deleted, or otherwise processed.

When Procmail starts, it reads the email message and separates the body from the header information.

Next, Procmail looks for the /etc/procmailrc ﬁle and rc ﬁles in the /etc/procmailrcs direc-

tory for default, system-wide, Procmail environmental variables and recipes. Then, Procmail looks for

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Red Hat LINUX 7.2 - OFFICIAL LINUX CUSTOMIZATION GUIDE Instalační příručka Strana 212